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Coronary artery disease (CAD, heart disease)

The blood vessels that supply the heart are called the coronary arteries. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the narrowing of these arteries by fat and calcium build up called plaques. This is also called coronary atherosclerosis. The following characteristics lead to an increased chance of having CAD: smoking, obesity, family history of CAD, high blood pressure, elevated cholesterol, diabetes, sedentary lifestyle, and kidney disease. Sometimes a plaque of atherosclerosis can suddenly rupture. That can cause a blood clot to develop and suddenly block the blood supply to the part of the heart that gets blood from the blocked artery. If that part of the heart muscle dies for lack of blood, it is called a heart attack. Symptoms of coronary artery disease can vary widely and in some patients like the elderly, diabetics and women there is no chest pain.
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